Background: SALIVARY GLAND calculi are one of the commonest pathologies of these GLANDs, specially in the background of chronic inflammation and SWELLING of clinical and imaging findings. Including findings on x-ray and ultrasound. We decided to demonstrate the frequency and prevalence of the SALIVARY GLAND calculi by ultrasoundwith a cross- sectionaldescriptive.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the patients present with SWELLING of SALIVARY GLANDs in Emam Hospital during I year. We randomly found 33 patients which had SWELLING of SALIVARY GLANDs in clinical exam. We examined them with ultrasound using high frequency linear array transducer then our results analyzed with SPSS software. Results: Of all 33 patients with SWELLING of SALIVARY GLANDs, 42/4% had SALIVARY GLAND calculi, 57.14% were male, in 71.42% age was less than 20 years, 62.8% of stones located in submandibular GLAND which hilum of the GLAND was the most frequent anatomic location. In 10 patients SALIVARY GLAND tumor and in 6 patents just SWELLING were reported. In 3 patients no pathologic finding in SALIVARY GLAND were found, but cervical lymphadenopathy.Conclusion: According to our results SALIVARY GLANDs stone formation is a common finding in patients with SALIVARY GLAND SWELLING which most of them develop in submandibular region. Ultrasound is a non- invasive diagnostic method. It is also available and relatively cheep. It is reasonable to use it to diagnose SALIVARY GLAND calculi and to find their locution.

Background: SALIVARY GLAND tumors are relatively uncommon. These tumors may occur in both major and minor SALIVARY GLANDs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative frequency of SALIVARY GLAND tumors in patients referred to Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran, during 2009-2019. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. To collect the required information, SALIVARY GLAND tumors registered in the pathology department of Alzahra hospital from April 2009 to April 2019 were examined, and the patient's demographic data including age, sex, and pathological information of the tumor including tumor type, location, lymph node involvement, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion were collected. Findings: The total number of patients was 186 with age range of 14 to 79 years (mean 42. 49 ± 14. 37), of which 94 (50. 5%) were women and 92 (49. 5%) were men. The frequency of benign and malignant tumors was 67% and 33%, respectively. The mean age of patients with benign and malignant tumors was 43. 54 and 51. 65 years, respectively. There were 110 patients (59. 1%) with pleomorphic adenoma, 13 (7. 0%) with warthin tumor, 40 (21. 5%) with mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 8 (4. 3%) with adenoid cystic carcinoma, 11 (5. 9%) with acinic cell carcinoma, 3 (1. 6%) with malignant mixed tumor, and 1 (0. 5%) with myoepithelioma. Conclusion: According to our findings, pleomorphic adenoma and then warthin tumor were the most common benign tumors, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor. The most common site of involvement was the parotid SALIVARY GLAND.

Objectives This study aimed to assess PD-1gene polymorphism in SALIVARY GLAND tumors in patients referred to Khalili Hospital in Shiraz. Methods This case-control study evaluated 48 patients with SALIVARY GLAND tumors and 100 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. First, 5cc blood samples were obtained from patients and transferred to vials containing anticoagulated EDTA. DNA was extracted, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) was performed on the samples. The PD-1 gene genotype was determined using the Fermentas kit. After 24 hours of incubation, all the samples were electrophoresed. The genotypes were reported based on the size of bands, and the chi-square test was applied. To compare the alleles, the Fisher’ s Exact test was applied. The Yates correction was used to compare the genotype and genotypic alleles based on the tumor grade. Results The mean age was 44. 81± 15. 69 years in patients and 46. 54± 13. 86 years in controls. Statistical analysis did not show any significant difference in PD1 gene polymorphism between the two groups (P=0. 098). No significant correlation was found between the genotype frequency and lymph node involvement (P=0. 06), tumor genotype (P=0. 12), side (right or left) (P=0. 22), tumor location (P=0. 27), and size or invasion of the tumor to the surrounding tissue (P=0. 14). PD1. 3 genotype frequency did not differ significantly between malignant and benign tumors (P=0. 6). Conclusion This study did not reveal any significant difference in genotype frequency of PD1. 3 in the patient and control groups; however, further studies are needed with a larger sample size to obtain more accurate results.

Aim: Hydroxyapatite is a biocompatible material that is uses to reconstructing bone defects in oral and maxillofacial surgery as well as other bone defect. It"s commercialtype (Allotropat-50)is not very popular in Iran concerning it"s price and utilization. The purpose of this study was comparision of biocompatibility of a new Iranian product to the commercial type in rabbits mandible. Material and Methods: A double blind clinical trial was couductedon and oryctolocus cuniculs rabbits.An incision was made at the body and border of mandibleand 16cavity prepaired, 6 filled with hydroxyapatite,5 with Allotrropat-50 and 5 remained empty. After three months the rabbits were sacrificed and the mandible resected and fixed. Serial sectiens with 5µ thickness were prepairedand colored by H&E. Theses sections were divided into three groups by means offibrofic, osseous or granaIonseen in the samples blindly. The difference between groups was tested using X2. Results: In all groups the bone induction was there mode rate or high and no statically difference was revealed. Conclusion: The biocompatibility of the new reduct was the sameas AlIotropat-50and control.